This short, animated video (see below) from David Dunning concerns the “Dunning-Kruger effect”. It’s well worth watching because the question of competence has (of course) strong relevance to trainee mental health practitioners of all types, to the training of mental health practitioners, and to mental health practice itself.
David Dunning has also written a related book: “Self-Insight: Roadblocks and Detours on the Path to Knowing Thyself“
And there’s also a related article: “Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One’s Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments”
